E-POSTER DETAIL | 11th Asia Pacific Tele Ophthalmology Society Symposium

Title
Associations Between Dietary Nutrient Intake and the Risk of Multiple Age-Related Ocular Diseases: Evidence from Longitudinal Analysis

Authors
Yuchen Yang, Haidong Zou

Presenting
Yuchen Yang

PURPOSE:
Dietary nutrients have been suggested to play a role in age-related ocular diseases. However, the effects remain inconclusive. This study aims to assess how dietary nutrient intake relates to the risk of developing four age-related ocular diseases, including age-related macular degeneration, cataract, diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma.

METHODS:
This study utilized data from the UK Biobank, a large-scale prospective cohort, including 103192 participants after stringent screening. Dietary intake data covering 36 nutrients were extracted from the UK Biobank dietary assessment. The outcomes were the incidences of four age-related ocular diseases: age-related macular degeneration, cataract, diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma. Associations between nutrient intake and the risk of incidence of four diseases were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards models to estimate hazard ratios. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were also performed.

METHODS:

This study utilized data from the UK Biobank, a large-scale prospective cohort, including 103192 participants after stringent screening. Dietary intake data covering 36 nutrients were extracted from the UK Biobank dietary assessment. The outcomes were the incidences of four age-related ocular diseases: age-related macular degeneration, cataract, diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma. Associations between nutrient intake and the risk of incidence of four diseases were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards models to estimate hazard ratios. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were also performed.

RESULTS:
During a median follow-up time of approximately 13 years, 1977 age-related macular degeneration cases, 11312 cataract cases, 618 diabetic retinopathy cases and 2213 glaucoma cases became incident. Pantothenic acid intake was positively associated with an elevated risk of AMD, which is more pronounced among older participants and men. Total iron, non-haem iron and manganese showed protective associations with cataract. The effects of total iron and haem iron on DR risk were also observed. Copper intake appeared to exert a protective effect against glaucoma. Restricted cubic spline analyses revealed generally monotonic relationships between nutrient intake and disease risk.

RESULTS:

During a median follow-up time of approximately 13 years, 1977 age-related macular degeneration cases, 11312 cataract cases, 618 diabetic retinopathy cases and 2213 glaucoma cases became incident. Pantothenic acid intake was positively associated with an elevated risk of AMD, which is more pronounced among older participants and men. Total iron, non-haem iron and manganese showed protective associations with cataract. The effects of total iron and haem iron on DR risk were also observed. Copper intake appeared to exert a protective effect against glaucoma. Restricted cubic spline analyses revealed generally monotonic relationships between nutrient intake and disease risk.

CONCLUSIONS:
Dietary nutrients may exert protective or deleterious effects on different age-related eye diseases, suggesting that optimizing dietary composition and nutrient balance could help reduce disease risk.